El método AMFE (Análisis Modal de Fallos y Efectos) aplicado a la anticoagulación de pacientes con fibrilación auricular no valvular / Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) method applied to anticoagulation of patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation

OBJETIVOS: El propósito de este trabajo es contribuir a mejorar el proceso de la anticoagulación en pacientes con fibrilación auricular no valvular (FANV) mediante acciones de sensibilización y formación al colectivo de atención primaria. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Se realizaron 38 grupos focales secuenciados según una adaptación del método de Análisis Modal de Fallos y Efectos. Cada reunión fue dinamizada mediante una metodología de «tormenta de ideas» (brainstorming). Participaron 482 médicos (444 de atención primaria y 38 cardiólogos) de ámbito nacional con representación geográfica homogénea. El trabajo de campo se extendió entre el 28 de marzo y el 20 de junio de 2017. RESULTADOS: Las principales acciones inseguras que pueden comportar un evento hemorrágico o trombótico son la anticoagulación incorrecta o la falta de seguimiento del paciente, debidos sobre todo a carencias formativas en el manejo de la FANV y no tener en cuenta posibles interacciones que pueden darse con fármacos antagonistas de la vitamina K. Las principales recomendaciones para paliar estos fallos se centraron en un buen seguimiento de los pacientes con FANV, en realizar o actualizar los protocolos o guías de práctica clínica y en potenciar la formación continuada de los médicos que habitualmente manejan a pacientes con FANV tratados con anticoagulantes orales. CONCLUSIONES: Un porcentaje significativo de pacientes con FANV no están correctamente anticoagulados, y para paliar este problema se requieren acciones específicas, entre las que destaca la formación sobre anticoagulación en general, y sobre uso de los anticoagulantes orales de acción directa en particular

OBJECTIVES: To contribute to the improvement of the process of anticoagulation in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) through awareness and training activities for Primary Care Physicians. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 38 focus groups, sequenced according to an adaptation of the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) method. Each meeting was driven by "brainstorming" methodology. The geographical representation was homogeneous, with a total of 482 national. physicians (444 Primary Care Physicians, and 38 cardiologists). The meetings were held between March 28 and June 20, 2017. RESULTS: The main unsafe actions that can lead to a haemorrhagic or thrombotic event are incorrect anticoagulation or lack of patient follow-up. These events are mainly caused by training deficiencies in the management of NVAF, or by not taking into account possible interactions with vitamin K antagonist drugs. The main recommendations to alleviate these failures were focused on a good follow-up of patients with NVAF, on creating or updating the protocols or clinical practice guidelines, and on promoting the continuous training of physicians who usually manage patients with non-valvular AF treated with oral anticoagulants. CONCLUSIONS: A significant percentage of patients with NVAF are not correctly anticoagulated. Specific actions are required to alleviate this problem. Among them, the importance of a general anticoagulation training was emphasised, and particularly, the use of direct oral anticoagulants

[Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) method applied to anticoagulation of patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation]. / El método AMFE (Análisis Modal de Fallos y Efectos) aplicado a la anticoagulación de pacientes con fibrilación auricular no valvular.

OBJECTIVES: To contribute to the improvement of the process of anticoagulation in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) through awareness and training activities for Primary Care Physicians. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 38 focus groups, sequenced according to an adaptation of the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) method. Each meeting was driven by «brainstorming¼ methodology. The geographical representation was homogeneous, with a total of 482 national. physicians (444 Primary Care Physicians, and 38 cardiologists). The meetings were held between March 28 and June 20, 2017. RESULTS: The main unsafe actions that can lead to a haemorrhagic or thrombotic event are incorrect anticoagulation or lack of patient follow-up. These events are mainly caused by training deficiencies in the management of NVAF, or by not taking into account possible interactions with vitamin K antagonist drugs. The main recommendations to alleviate these failures were focused on a good follow-up of patients with NVAF, on creating or updating the protocols or clinical practice guidelines, and on promoting the continuous training of physicians who usually manage patients with non-valvular AF treated with oral anticoagulants. CONCLUSIONS: A significant percentage of patients with NVAF are not correctly anticoagulated. Specific actions are required to alleviate this problem. Among them, the importance of a general anticoagulation training was emphasised, and particularly, the use of direct oral anticoagulants.